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PCB Fabrication

The Difference Between Gold Plating And Enig

by:A-TECH      2020-10-26

HASL is an ideal choice for these in the production of common-function boards. HASL end, also referred to as Hot Air Solder Leveling,is kind of totally different from ENIG finish in several methods. ENIG process or PCB immersion gold is likely one of the most simple means to undertake.


The nickel serves as a barrier to the copper and is the surface to which the parts are actually soldered to whereas the gold protects the nickel during storage. ENEPIG surface end is right for soldering, aluminum wire bonding, and gold wire bonding.


In this course of, the vias and surfaces that are intended for the ultimate finish/production first have a nickel layer that’s utilized to the copper through an electroless process as a means of creating a diffusion barrier. In the second step, there’s the appliance of a fragile gold end.


This floor end is formed by the sequential deposition of nickel, followed by palladium, adopted by immersion gold. The Nickel acts as a barrier layer and reduces copper dissolution throughout wave solder, and ensures fine solderability. The Hot Air Solder Leveling coating consists of 37% Lead and sixty three% Tin, and through the means of assembly, the coating dissolves with some soldering materials. HASL is an affordable or cost-effective surface end when in comparison with different forms of commonly used surface finishes.


The gold prevents nickel from oxidation whereas significantly determining the solderability of the floor. For scorching air solder leveling finish, the board will be dipped in a shower of molten solder and then passed via a conveyor of scorching air knives that brush the excess solder off. Basically, the copper pads are pre-tinned with the thinnest layer of solder, and the tinning protects the naked copper beneath.


which might present the board with a good shelf-life, and the prevailing layer of solder makes the molten joints much simpler to hitch. However, it is not appropriate for fine pitch components since HASL leaves uneven surfaces. The name 'black pad' is an ideal description of the issue that happens. Selective pads on one or each side of a completed, electroless nickel immersion gold printed circuit board which appear to be partially or completely black after the thermal processes at assembly. Typically, it is not visible and tough to detect on the manufacturing degree of the PCB.


To that end there have been recent advances and improvements to the floor finishes used on printed circuit boards. The floor end of the board is crucial to how the parts will connect and finally function in the ultimate product. The goal then is a floor end that may accomplish robust connectivity and still meet right now’s strict environmental demands. The ENIG finish has historically been one of the best fantastic-pitch surface and lead-free choice worldwide, according to multicircuits.com. ENIG is a two-step process that layers a skinny coating of gold over a skinny coating of nickel.


ENIG is a widely used floor finish for soldering, aluminum wire wedge bonding and mechanical contact factors (connector pads, test points, etc.). The copper surface has an electrolysis nickel layer deposited to seal the copper. A layer of gold is then deposited to protect the nickel from oxidation and provide a solderable floor to the nickel. The gold is an immersion process and the thickness is self-limiting .

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