The basic technological process of PCB assembly process:
The basic process components of SMT include: screen printing (or dispensing), placement (curing), spi, reflow soldering, cleaning, testing, and repair.
1. Silk screen: Its function is to leak solder paste or patch glue onto the pad of PCB to prepare for soldering of components. The equipment used is a screen printing machine (screen printing machine) located at the forefront of the SMT production line.
2. Dispensing: It is to drop the glue onto the fixed position of the PCB board. Its main function is to fix the components to the PCB board. The equipment used is a dispenser, located at the forefront of the SMT production line or behind the inspection equipment.
3. Mounting: Its function is to accurately install surface-mounted components to a fixed position on the PCB. The equipment used is a placement machine, located behind the screen printing machine in the SMT production line.
4. Curing: Its function is to melt the patch glue, so that the surface assembled components and the PCB board are firmly bonded together. The equipment used is a curing oven located behind the placement machine in the SMT production line.
5. SPI: used for the quality inspection of solder printing and the verification and control of the printing process after being used in the printing machine.
6. Reflow soldering: Its function is to melt the solder paste, so that the surface assembled components and the PCB board are firmly bonded together. The equipment used is a reflow soldering furnace, located behind the placement machine in the SMT production line.
7. Cleaning: Its function is to remove the harmful welding residues such as flux on the assembled PCB board. The equipment used is a washing machine, and the location may not be fixed, either online or offline.
8. Inspection: Its function is to inspect the welding quality and assembly quality of the assembled PCB board. The equipment used is a magnifying glass, microscope, online tester (ICT), flying probe tester, automatic optical inspection (AOI), X-RAY inspection system, functional tester, etc. The position can be configured in a suitable place on the production line according to the needs of inspection.
9. Rework: Its function is to rework the PCB board which detects the failure. The tools used are soldering iron, rework station, etc. Configured anywhere in the PCB assembly production line.
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