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The material used in PCB manufacturing

2020-06-14

Printed circuit boards will appear in almost every electronic device. It is the carrier of all electronic devices. There are PCBA everywhere in the computer, from small household appliances in daily life to automotive electronic devices. PCB boards are indispensable. Applications. So what materials are needed in the PCB manufacturing process? Let's understand together.


 

1. Substrate

 

The original material of the printed circuit board is copper-clad substrate, referred to as substrate. The substrate is a resin plate with copper on both sides. The most commonly used plate code is FR-4. FR-4 is mainly used for electronic products such as computers and communication equipment. Requirements for laminate: 1. Flame resistance, 2. Tg value 3. Dielectric constant.

 

2. Copper foil

 

Copper foil is a conductor that forms a wire on a substrate. There are two methods in the manufacturing process of copper foil: calendering and electrolysis.


3. PP

 

PP is an indispensable raw material in the production of circuit boards, and its role is the adhesive between the layers. Simply put, the substrate sheet at b-stage is called PP. The specifications of PP are the thickness and the amount of glue (resin).

 

4. Dry film

 

Photosensitive dry film is referred to as dry film for short, and its main component is a resin substance that is sensitive to a specific spectrum and undergoes a photochemical reaction. The practical dry film has three layers, and the photosensitive layer is sandwiched between two upper and lower plastic films for protection. According to the chemical characteristics of photosensitive materials, there are two types of dry film, photopolymerization type and photodecomposition type. The photopolymerizable dry film will harden under the irradiation of a specific spectrum of light, changing from a water-soluble substance to water-insoluble, and the photodegradability is just the opposite.

 

5. Solder resist ink

 

Solder mask is actually a solder resist. It is a liquid photosensitive material that does not have affinity for liquid solder. Like a dry film, it will change and harden under light irradiation of a specific spectrum. During use, the solder resist paint should be mixed with the hardener before use. Solder resist ink is also called ink. The color of circuit boards we usually see is actually the color of solder mask.

 

6. Film

 

The negatives we talk about are similar to photographic negatives, and they are all materials that use photosensitive materials to record images. The customer transmits the designed circuit diagram to the PCB factory, and the circuit diagram is output by the workstation of the CAM center, but not through a common printer, but a light plotter. The role of the negative film in the circuit board factory is very important. All the things that use the image transfer principle to achieve the substrate must first become the negative film.


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