Overview of the key points in the design of solar PCB charger panels

Solar energy is an environmentally friendly new energy source. Under the promotion of national policies, solar panels have been widely accepted by people. However, the cost of solar panels is very expensive. A large part of this high cost comes from the battery panel itself. Here, the size of the battery panel (and therefore its cost) will increase as the required output power increases. Therefore, in order to create a solution with the smallest size and the best cost-effectiveness, it is important to maximize the performance of the solar panel. Solar charging board Figure Generally speaking, the energy storage of the battery will in turn provide support for the operation of the terminal application circuit in the absence of sunlight. To achieve the best design of solar battery chargers, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of solar panels. These characteristics mainly include two points: because the solar panel has a large bonding area, the solar panel will leak, and the battery will discharge through the panel under dark conditions. Each solar panel has a characteristic IV curve with a maximum power point, so when the load characteristics do not match the panel characteristics, the energy extraction will be reduced. Therefore, our most ideal situation is this: the battery panel will be continuously loaded at the maximum power point, so that the available solar energy can be fully utilized, and thus the cost of the battery panel can be minimized. Under normal circumstances, a Schottky diode connected in series with the battery panel can be used to solve the leakage problem of the battery panel. The reverse leakage is reduced to a very low value; however, the forward voltage drop of the Schottky diode (which consumes a lot of power under high current conditions) still causes energy loss. Therefore, it is necessary to use an expensive heat sink and a fine layout to keep the Schottky diode in a low temperature state. A more effective way to solve the power dissipation problem is to replace the Schottky diode with an ideal diode based on MOSFET. This will reduce the forward voltage drop to as low as 20mV, thereby significantly reducing power consumption, while reducing the complexity, size and cost of the heat dissipation layout. Fortunately, some IC manufacturers are now able to produce such products, and they have been adopted by many circuit board manufacturers, so we have reason to believe that the prospects for solar panels are bright.